1. Alexander the Great (356 BC–323 BC) Alexander the Great is famous for being one of the greatest military generals the world has ever seen.
What role do Athenian generals play?
Athenian generals were responsible for: Calling up citizens and metics (non-citizens) for military service. organizing the maintenance and command of ships. the defense of Athens and Attica.
What were ancient Greek generals called?
strategus, plural Strategi, Greek Stratēgos, plural Stratēgoi, in ancient Greece, a general, frequently functioning as a state officer with wider functions; also, a high official in medieval Byzantium.
How many generals did Athens have?
Command of the hastily assembled Athenian army was vested in 10 generals, each of whom was to hold operational command for one day. The generals were evenly divided on whether to await the Persians or to attack them, and the tie was broken by a civil official, Callimachus, who decided in favour of an attack.
Who Won the Trojan War?
The Greeks won the Trojan War. According to the Roman epic poet Virgil, the Trojans were defeated after the Greeks left behind a large wooden horse and pretended to sail for home. Unbeknown to the Trojans, the wooden horse was filled with Greek warriors.
Did Alexander the Great conquer Mesopotamia?
Alexander the Great conquered Mesopotamia in 330 BCE. Prior to Alexander’s arrival, Mesopotamia was a Persian Empire ruled by the Achaemenid clan….
What did the Athenian 10 generals do?
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what was the main duty of the ten generals who were appointed by the Athenian assembly? | to vote and to choose five people to be ephors to carry out the laws. |
who qyalified to be a citizen of a greek city-state? | only free native-born men who owned land. |
Who led the Athenian army?
Miltiades the Younger, (born c. 554 bc, Athens [Greece]—died probably 489 bc, Athens), Athenian general who led Athenian forces to victory over the Persians at the Battle of Marathon in 490.
Who has the best army in ancient Greece?
The Spartans were widely considered to have the strongest army and the best soldiers of any city-state in Ancient Greece. All Spartan men trained to become warriors from the day they were born. The Spartan Army fought in a Phalanx formation.
Who was the last king of Athens?
Codrus, traditionally the last king of Athens, but there is some doubt as to whether he was a historical personage. According to the legend, Codrus was the son of Melanthus of Pylos, who went to Attica as a refugee from the Dorian invaders (11th century bc).
Is Ares Greek or Roman?
Ares, in Greek religion, god of war or, more properly, the spirit of battle. Unlike his Roman counterpart, Mars, he was never very popular, and his worship was not extensive in Greece.
Who ruled before Alexander the Great?
Alexander III | |
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Predecessor | Philip II |
Successor | Alexander IV Philip III |
Hegemon of the Hellenic League Strategos autokrator of Greece | |
Reign | 336 BC |
How many ships did Athens have?
The fleet was made up of triremes, wooden warships that carried 170 rowers manning three banks of oars. The ships were 100-120 feet long and about 20 feet wide. At her peak, Athens had a fleet of 400 ships, a force requiring close to 80,000 men.
How were Generals elected in Athens?
In democratic Athens, ten generals were elected each year, who were under the supreme command of the polemarch (“war leader”). … Because re-election was possible, the office gave considerable influence to a politician. Well-known examples are Pericles and Nicias, who often occupied the office of strategos.
Who killed Agamemnon?
Clytemnestra, in Greek legend, a daughter of Leda and Tyndareus and wife of Agamemnon, commander of the Greek forces in the Trojan War. She took Aegisthus as her lover while Agamemnon was away at war. Upon his return, Clytemnestra and Aegisthus murdered Agamemnon.
Who Killed Achilles?
According to legend, the Trojan prince Paris killed Achilles by shooting him in the heel with an arrow. Paris was avenging his brother, Hector, whom Achilles had slain. Though the death of Achilles is not described in the Iliad, his funeral is mentioned in Homer’s Odyssey.
What happened to Troy after it fell?
After the Trojan defeat, the Greeks heroes slowly made their way home. Odysseus took 10 years to make the arduous and often-interrupted journey home to Ithaca recounted in the “Odyssey.” Helen, whose two successive Trojan husbands were killed during the war, returned to Sparta to reign with Menelaus.
Who conquered Mesopotamia?
Sargon, byname Sargon of Akkad, (flourished 23rd century bce), ancient Mesopotamian ruler (reigned c. 2334–2279 bce) who was one of the earliest of the world’s great empire builders, conquering all of southern Mesopotamia as well as parts of Syria, Anatolia, and Elam (western Iran).
Who defeated Alexander the Great?
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath on Sunday (November 14) said that Chandragupta Maurya, who founded the Mauryan empire in the 4th century BC, had defeated Alexander of Macedon in battle — and yet, it is the latter whom historians have chosen to call “great”.
What were the 4 kingdoms after Alexander the Great?
Four stable power blocks emerged following the death of Alexander the Great: the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, the Seleucid Empire, the Attalid Dynasty of the Kingdom of Pergamon, and Macedon.
How many Athenians could vote?
Size and make-up of the Athenian population
Citizen families could have amounted to 100,000 people and out of these some 30,000 would have been the adult male citizens entitled to vote in the assembly.
Who wrote the Athenian Oath?
The oath was quoted by the Attic orator Lycurgus, in his work Against Leocrates (4th century BC), though it is certainly archaic (5th century BC). The Ephebate, an organization for training the young men of Athens, chiefly in military matters, had existed since the 5th century but was reorganized by Lycurgus.
How many oars are in a trireme?
A trireme (/ˈtraɪriːm/, TRY-reem; derived from Latin: trirēmis “with three banks of oars”; ‘triērēs, literally “three-rower”) was an ancient vessel and a type of galley that was used by the ancient maritime civilizations of the Mediterranean Sea, especially the Phoenicians, ancient Greeks and Romans.
How long did Athenians serve in the army?
Unlike Spartan men, Athenian men didn’t have to devote their whole lives to the army. All men in Athens joined the army, but for only two years. They helped defend the city between the ages of 18 and 20.
Did Athens have mandatory military service?
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Since 1914, Greece (or the Hellenic Republic) has had mandatory military service (conscription) of 12 months in the Army, Navy and the Air Force for men between the age of 19 to 45.
Is it better to side with Sparta or Athens?
While the skirmishes between the factions and overthrowing either Sparta or Athens in a particular region make up the majority of the side quests and the murderous parkour aspect of AC Odyssey, the reality is that siding with one or the other is going to do absolutely nothing at the end of the game, and not be very …
Who were the Spartans in ancient Greece?
Sparta was a warrior society in ancient Greece that reached the height of its power after defeating rival city-state Athens in the Peloponnesian War (431-404 B.C.). Spartan culture was centered on loyalty to the state and military service.
What did Greeks call their armies?
The hoplite phalanx
The ancient Greek city-states developed a military formation called the phalanx, which were rows of shoulder-to-shoulder hoplites. The Hoplites would lock their shields together, and the first few ranks of soldiers would project their spears out over the first rank of shields.
Who preserved Minoan culture?
The civilization was rediscovered at the beginning of the 20th century through the work of British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans.
Who founded Athens?
According to the Greek mythology, Cecrops, who was half man and half serpent, founded Athens and became the first king. Around the tenth century B.C., the settlers formed twelve cities, of which Athens was always dominant.
Who built Athens?
According to Greek mythology, the first city of Athens was Phoenician and Cecrops was the king who founded it. The city of Athens was officially created the day the Gods decided to have a contest: the growing city would be named after the deity who would offer to mortals the most useful gift.
Did Athens have a ruler?
Athens did not have a king, it was ruled by the people as a democracy. The people of Athens believed that no one group of people should make the laws and so citizens could choose the government officials, and vote for or against new laws. The people of Athens chose their ruler.
Who killed Ares?
Ares is roundly beaten by Athena who, supporting the Achaeans, knocks him out with a large rock. He also comes off worse against the Achaean hero Diomedes who even manages to injure the god with his spear, albeit with the help of Athena. Homer describes the scream of the wounded Ares as like the shouts of 10,000 men.
Who is Hermes god of?
Hermes (/ˈhɜːrmiːz/; Greek: Ἑρμῆς) is an Olympian deity in ancient Greek religion and mythology. Hermes is considered the herald of the gods. He is also considered the protector of human heralds, travellers, thieves, merchants, and orators.
What is Ares’s fear?
GOD OF WAR & BATTLE | Patron of: Warriors Favour: Driving armies; Bravery; Fighting-strength & endurance Curse: Routing armies; Cowardice; Death on the battlefield |
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GOD OF COURAGE & FEAR | Patron of: Courage; Manliness Blessings: Courage Curse: Fear; Cowardice |
Did Alexander lost in India?
The fight on the banks of the Hydaspes River in India was the closest Alexander the Great came to defeat. His feared Companion cavalry was unable to subdue fully the courageous King Porus. Hydaspes marked the limit of Alexander’s career of conquest; he died before he could launch another campaign.
Why did Alexander leave India?
Fearing the prospects of facing other powerful Indian armies and exhausted by years of campaigning, his army mutinied at the Hyphasis River (the modern Beas River), refusing to march further east.
Why did Alexander return from India?
Deciding upon his return, Alexander ordered the construction of twelve huge altars “equal in height to the loftiest military towers, while exceeding them in breadth; to serve both as a thanks offering to the gods who had led him so far as conqueror, and also to serve as monuments of his own labours.” Leaving the land …
How did Athenians fight?
While generally armed with javelins, they sometimes had spears, slings or bows. The attendants acted as skirmishers before the pitched battle and were assigned to guard the camp during the actual fight.
Did Athens have slaves?
Slaves were the lowest class in Athenian society, but according to many contemporary accounts they were far less harshly treated than in most other Greek cities. … Lowest of all slaves were those who worked in the nearby Laurium silver mines – where most quickly perished.
What language did Athens speak?
Attic dialect, Ancient Greek dialect that was the language of ancient Athens. Its closest relative was the Ionic dialect of Euboea.