John Hyrcanus I, (born c. 175 bc—died 104 bc), high priest and ruler of the Jewish nation from 135/134 to 104 bc. … He forced Idumaea to convert to Judaism, the first example of conversion imposed by the Jews in their history.
Who was John in Maccabees?
Johanan (or John Gaddi/Caddis in the King James Version, Gaddis in the Douai-Rheims Version, Hebrew: יוחנן הגדי) was the oldest of the sons of Mattathias, and brother of Judas Maccabeus. He was one of the leaders of the revolt of the Maccabees in the 2nd century BC.
Who were hyrcanus and aristobulus?
John Hyrcanus II, (died 30 bc, Jerusalem), high priest of Judaea from 76 to 40 bc, and, with his brother Aristobulus II, last of the Maccabean (Hasmonean) dynastic rulers.
What did the Sadducees believe?
The Sadducees refused to go beyond the written Torah (first five books of the Bible) and thus, unlike the Pharisees, denied the immortality of the soul, bodily resurrection after death, and—according to the Acts of the Apostles (23:8), the fifth book of the New Testament—the existence of angelic spirits.
Which of the following did the Sadducees believe in?
According to Josephus, the Sadducees believed that: There is no fate. God does not commit evil. Man has free will; “man has the free choice of good or evil”.
Is Maccabees in the King James Bible?
The Book of Maccabees used to be in the King James Bible and others but was removed. It is now part of the Apocrypha. It’s interesting material for historians. People used to think this was the word of God.
What is the meaning of word Maccabees?
The term Maccabees as used to describe the Jewish army is taken from the Hebrew word for “hammer”. The revolt involved many battles, in which the Maccabean forces gained notoriety among the Seleucid army for their use of guerrilla tactics.
How did the Essenes live?
The Essenes lived in various cities but congregated in communal life dedicated to voluntary poverty, daily immersion, and asceticism (their priestly class practiced celibacy). Most scholars claim they seceded from the Zadokite priests.
Who is aristobulus in the Bible?
Judah Aristobulus I or Aristobulus I (/ˌærɪstəˈbjuːləs/; Greek: Ἀριστόβουλος, romanized: Aristóboulos) was the first Hasmonean king of Judaea from 104 BCE until his death in 103 BCE. He was the eldest of the five sons of John Hyrcanus, the previous leader.
What happened to aristobulus?
Taken prisoner, Aristobulus was released by Julius Caesar in 49 BCE in order to turn Judea against Pompey. He was on his way to Judaea with his son Alexander, when “he was taken off by poison given him by those of Pompey’s party”. His son Alexander was beheaded by the Roman commander Scipio at Antioch.
When did the Herodian dynasty end?
The Romans, who conquered the kingdom of Judea in 63 BCE, appointed their Jewish ally, Herod, of Edomite extraction, as king of Judea in 37 BCE, after the last king of the Hasmonean dynasty was deposed and executed. King Herod “The Great” ruled until his death in 4 BCE.
Who is a Pharisee and a sadducee?
The Pharisees’ Judaism is what we practice today, as we can’t make sacrifices at the Temple and instead we worship in synagogues. The Sadducees were the wealthy upper class, who were involved with the priesthood. They completely rejected oral law, and unlike the Pharisees, their lives revolved around the Temple.
Was Paul a Pharisee?
Paul referred to himself as being “of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; as touching the law, a Pharisee“. The Bible reveals very little about Paul’s family. Acts quotes Paul referring to his family by saying he was “a Pharisee, born of Pharisees”.
What does Sheol look like?
Sheol is like a ravenous beast that swallows the living without being sated ( Prov 1:12 ; 27:20 ; Isa 5:14 ). Some thought the dead were cut off from God ( Psalm 88:3-5 ; Isa 38:11 ); while others believed that God’s presence reached even to Sheol ( Psalm 139:8 ).
What is the word Sadducees mean?
Definition of Sadducee
: a member of a Jewish party of the intertestamental period consisting of a traditional ruling class of priests and rejecting doctrines not in the Law (such as resurrection, retribution in a future life, and the existence of angels)
What is the Sanhedrin in the Bible?
The Sanhedrin (Hebrew and Aramaic: סַנְהֶדְרִין; Greek: Συνέδριον, synedrion, ‘sitting together,’ hence ‘assembly’ or ‘council’) were assemblies of either twenty-three or seventy-one elders (known as “rabbis” after the destruction of the Second Temple), who were appointed to sit as a tribunal in every city in the …
What were Pharisees beliefs?
The Pharisees believed in an afterlife. The Pharisees believed in the dead resurrecting and the literal resurrection of one’s body. They believed that a person would be brought back to life some time in the future. Many Jews did not believe in the afterlife, so this was a key distinction in beliefs for the Pharisees.
What are the 75 books removed from the Bible?
This book contains: 1 Esdras, 2 Esdras, The Book of Tobit, The Book of Susanna, Additions to Esther, The Book of Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, The Epistle of Jeremiah, The Prayer of Azariah, Bel and the Dragon, Prayer of Manasses, 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, Book of Enoch, Book of Jubilees, Gospel of …
What books were removed from the King James Bible?
- 1 Esdras (Vulgate 3 Esdras)
- 2 Esdras (Vulgate 4 Esdras)
- Tobit.
- Judith (“Judeth” in Geneva)
- Rest of Esther (Vulgate Esther 10:4 – 16:24)
- Wisdom.
- Ecclesiasticus (also known as Sirach)
- Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy (“Jeremiah” in Geneva) (all part of Vulgate Baruch)
WHO removed the Apocrypha from the King James Bible?
These books are known as the apocrypha books of the Bible, they were removed from the Bible by the Protestant Church in the 1800’s.
What is the golden menorah?
The menorah (/məˈnɔːrə/; Hebrew: מְנוֹרָה Hebrew pronunciation: [menoˈʁa]) is described in the Bible as the seven-lamp (six branches) ancient Hebrew lampstand made of pure gold and used in the tabernacle set up by Moses in the wilderness and later in the Temple in Jerusalem.
What does the word Magnificat mean in English?
Definition of magnificat
1 capitalized. a : the canticle of the Virgin Mary in Luke 1:46–55. b : a musical setting for the Magnificat. 2 : an utterance of praise.
How many chapters are in the book of 1 Maccabees?
The narrative is primarily prose text, but is interrupted by seven poetic sections, which imitate classical Hebrew poetry. These include four laments and three hymns of praise. There are 16 chapters.
Are there Essenes today?
There are, indeed, people today who consider themselves contemporary Essenes, usually led by a rabbi. There is even a Modern Essene Movement of Southern California. Their last gathering, according to their website, was a vegetarian potluck supper last November.
Was John the Baptist part of the Essenes?
According to the Gospel of Luke, John and Jesus were relatives. Some scholars maintain that John belonged to the Essenes, a semi-ascetic Jewish sect who expected a messiah and practiced ritual baptism. John used baptism as the central symbol or sacrament of his pre-messianic movement.
What did the Essenes want from the Messiah?
The Essenes also looked forward to the coming of Messiah. They were preoccupied with a heavenly Messiah, who would bring a heavenly Kingdom. The Essenes hoped the Messiah would find people who were prepared to re-establish the true priesthood and kingship of David and to battle the forces of spiritual darkness.
How long did the Hasmonean dynasty last?
Hasmonean Dynasty (142-63 BCE)
Under the Hasmonean dynasty, which lasted about 80 years, the kingdom regained boundaries not far short of Solomon’s realm, political consolidation under Jewish rule was attained and Jewish life flourished.
Who are the Hasmoneans in the Bible?
Hasmonean dynasty, also spelled Hasmonaean, dynasty of ancient Judaea, descendants of the Maccabee family. The name derived (according to Flavius Josephus, in The Antiquities of the Jews) from the name of their ancestor Hasmoneus (Hasmon), or Asamonaios.
Who was the last Hasmonean king?
Antigonus II Mattathias (Hebrew: מתתיהו אנטיגונוס השני, Matityahu), also known as Antigonus the Hasmonean (died 37 BCE) was the last Hasmonean king of Judea. A puppet king installed by the Parthians, he was the son of King Aristobulus II of Judea.
What did Arrian think of Alexander the Great?
Arrian was clearly a great admirer of Alexander but was primarily interested in the purely military aspect of the story he was telling. There is little to enlighten the reader about Alexander’s motives for conquest or his ideal of the creation of a united world.
How does Arrian describe Alexander?
Arrian was a Greek who served the Roman Emperor Hadrian as a governor and (perhaps) as a general; after he retired, he specialised in writing military histories. Arrian regarded Alexander as ‘a hero totally unlike any other human being’. …
Who are Herodian kings?
Antipater the Idumaean procurator of Judea | |
---|---|
Alexander II prince | Herod Agrippa I king of Judea |
Tigranes VI of Armenia | Herod Agrippa II king of Batanaea |
Gaius Julius Alexander ruler of Cilicia |
What tribe is Herod?
Antipater was a man of great influence and wealth who increased both by marrying the daughter of a noble from Petra (in southwestern Jordan), at that time the capital of the rising Arab Nabataean kingdom. Thus, Herod was of Arab origin, although he was a practicing Jew.
Are the herodians Jews?
The Herodians (Herodiani) were a sect of Hellenistic Jews mentioned in the New Testament on two occasions — first in Galilee, and later in Jerusalem — being hostile to Jesus (Mark 3:6, 12:13; Matthew 22:16; cf. also Mark 8:15, Luke 13:31–32, Acts 4:27).
What was wrong with the Pharisees?
They were full of greed and self-indulgence. They exhibited themselves as righteous on account of being scrupulous keepers of the law but were, in fact, not righteous: their mask of righteousness hid a secret inner world of ungodly thoughts and feelings. They were full of wickedness.
What position did Pontius Pilate hold?
Pontius Pilate was the Roman prefect (governor) of Judaea (26–36 CE) who presided at the trial of Jesus and gave the order for his crucifixion.
What is the difference between a Pharisee and a priest?
Whereas the priestly Sadducees taught that the written Torah was the only source of revelation, the Pharisees admitted the principle of evolution in the Law: humans must use their reason in interpreting the Torah and applying it to contemporary problems. … They interpreted the Law according to its spirit.
Why did Jesus call the Pharisees hypocrites?
ANSWER: In the Greek language, the Pharisees were called “play actors,” or “hypocrites, by Jesus. Why? Because they were merely playing church (make believe) instead of actually being a church. Finally, the Pharisees tossed aside God’s Law, and substituted their own traditions of men & women.
Who founded the Church of Rome?
Catholic Church | |
---|---|
Headquarters | Rome, Italy (de jure) Vatican City (de facto) |
Founder | Jesus, according to sacred tradition |
Origin | 1st century Holy Land, Roman Empire |
Members | 1.345 billion (2019) |
What did Jesus say about the Pharisees?
“Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You shut the kingdom of heaven in men’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor will you let those enter who are trying to. “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites!