On Jesus the Nazarene
The Ebionites are described as emphasizing the humanity of Jesus as the biological son of Mary and Joseph, who, by virtue of his righteousness in keeping the law perfectly, was adopted as the son of God to fulfill the Jewish scriptures.
What did the ebionites believe in?
They believed in one God and taught that Jesus was the Messiah and was the true “prophet” mentioned in Deuteronomy 18:15. They rejected the Virgin Birth of Jesus, instead holding that he was the natural son of Joseph and Mary. The Ebionites believed Jesus became the Messiah because he obeyed the Jewish Law.
How many gospels were used by the ebionites?
170) which included all four canonical gospels.
Who started the ebionites?
The Ebionite/Nazarene movement was made up of mostly Jewish/Israelite followers of John the Baptizer and later Jesus, who were concentrated in Palestine and surrounding regions and led by “James the Just” (the oldest brother of Jesus), and flourished between the years 30-80 C.E. They were zealous for the Torah and …
What did the montanists believe?
The Montanists were alleged to have believed in the power of apostles and prophets to forgive sins. Adherents also believed that martyrs and confessors also possessed this power.
What does the Greek word kenosis mean?
In Christian theology, kenosis (Greek: κένωσις, kénōsis, lit. [the act of emptying]) is the ‘self-emptying’ of Jesus’ own will and becoming entirely receptive to God’s divine will.
What religion believes in the Old Testament only?
Judaism and Christianity are two monotheistic, ethical religions which share a part of their scriptures in common; the Bible or Tanakh of the Jews is the Old Testament of the Christians.
What was the heresy of Arianism?
Arianism is a fourth‐century heresy, which affirmed Christ to be divine, but not in the same full sense in which God the Father is divine. Traditional Trinitarianism, with its classical expression in the Nicene Creed, emerged out of controversy with Arianism and defined Christ as being of one substance with the Father.
What religion goes by the Old Testament?
The Old Testament is the original Hebrew Bible, the sacred scriptures of the Jewish faith, written at different times between about 1200 and 165 BC.
When was the Gospel of the Egyptians written?
The Greek Gospel of the Egyptians (which is quite distinct from the later, wholly Gnostic Coptic Gospel of the Egyptians), perhaps written in the second quarter of the 2nd century, was already cited in Clement of Alexandria’s miscellany, the Stromata, where quotations give us many of the brief excerpts that are all …
Who started monophysitism?
Cyril of Alexandria were labeled monophysite. The label also was attached to various theologians and groups, although some who were called monophysite, notably Severus of Antioch (died 538), repudiated the terminology of Chalcedon as self-contradictory.
What is the Arian faith?
Arianism, in Christianity, the Christological (concerning the doctrine of Christ) position that Jesus, as the Son of God, was created by God.
What is the study of Christology?
Christology is the part of theology that is concerned with the nature and work of Jesus, including such matters as the Incarnation, the Resurrection, and his human and divine natures and their relationship.
How many Pharisees were there?
Pharisees פרושים | |
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Ideology | Theocracy Oral Torah Populism |
Religion | Rabbinic Judaism |
What is Modalism in theology?
Definition of modalism
: the theological doctrine that the members of the Trinity are not three distinct persons but rather three modes or forms of activity (the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit) under which God manifests himself.
What did the montanists teach?
In addition to prophetic enthusiasm, Montanism taught a legalistic moral rigorism. The time of fasting was lengthened, followers were forbidden to flee from martyrdom, marriage was discouraged, and second marriages were prohibited.
What did the paulicians believe?
The fundamental doctrine of the Paulicians was that there are two principles, an evil God, known as the Demiurge, and a good God; the former is the ruler of this world, the latter of the world to come. From this they deduced that Jesus did not take on human flesh because the good God could not have become human.
What happened to the waldensians?
Waldensian teachings came into conflict with the Catholic Church and by 1215 the Waldensians were declared heretical. Subjected to intense persecution, they were nearly annihilated in the 17th century and were confronted with organised and general discrimination in the centuries that followed.
What is the opposite of kenosis?
Noun. Opposite of christ’s renunciation of his divine nature. apotheosis. divine nature. elevation.
What is the importance of kenosis?
Literally “emptying” in Greek, kenosis is a theological notion signifying the Christian belief that in the life and death of Jesus of Nazareth God empties out the divine selfhood in humble self-giving love to the world.
What is a minimal fact?
If a child discloses to you information that could involve abuse, it is important to gather only as much information as is needed to report so that the local agency can begin an investigation. This is called a minimal facts interview.
Do Catholics follow the Old Testament?
The Catholic Bible is composed of the 46 books of the Old Testament (with the deuterocanonical books) and the 27 books of the New Testament.
What is the oldest religion?
The word Hindu is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, many practitioners refer to their religion as Sanātana Dharma (Sanskrit: सनातन धर्म, lit.
What are the two greatest commandments according to Jesus?
In Matthew 22:37-39, we read, “Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.”
Does Arianism still exist?
To many Christians, the teachings of Arianism are heretical and are not the correct Christian teachings as they deny that Jesus was of the same substance of the God of this monotheistic religion, making it one of the more prominent reasons Arianism has stopped being practiced today.
Was Constantine an Arian?
Constantine himself leaned toward Arianism later in his reign, and his eventual successor, his son Constantius, was openly Arian.
What was the Arian controversy about?
The Arian controversy was a series of Christian disputes about the nature of Christ that began with a dispute between Arius and Athanasius of Alexandria, two Christian theologians from Alexandria, Egypt. … Ironically, his effort were the cause of the deep divisions created by the disputes after Nicaea.
Are the Torah and the Old Testament the same?
The meaning of “Torah” is often restricted to signify the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), also called the Law (or the Pentateuch, in Christianity). These are the books traditionally ascribed to Moses, the recipient of the original revelation from God on Mount Sinai.
Was the Old Testament written before Jesus?
Where does the Bible originate? Archaeology and the study of written sources have shed light on the history of both halves of the Bible: the Old Testament, the story of the Jews’ highs and lows in the millennium or so before the birth of Jesus; and the New Testament, which documents the life and teachings of Jesus.
What are the 5 Gospels?
“There are five Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John…and the Christian. But most people never read the first four.” There are any number of books on how to do evangelism. This book is different―it’s an invitation to actually live out the message of the gospel.
What happened to the ogdoad?
It was thought The gods and goddesses of the Ogdoad then ruled the earth during the Golden Age. When they died they took up residence in the “Duat” (or “Tuat” – the Underworld).
What is a stone coffin?
A sarcophagus is a stone coffin or a container to hold a coffin. Although early sarcophagi were made to hold coffins within, the term has come to refer to any stone coffin that is placed above ground.
Is the Catholic Church monophysite?
The vast majority of Christians presently belong to the Chalcedonian churches, namely the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and traditional Protestant churches (those that accept at least the first four Ecumenical Councils); these churches have always considered monophysitism to be heretical, usually claiming that it …
Are Coptic Christians monophysite?
This accusation was rejected by Dioscorus, and the Coptic Church does not consider itself monophysite in the manner portrayed at Chalcedon: the end of the Coptic liturgy declares that the two natures “human” and “divine” are united in one “without mingling, without confusion, without alteration”.
Is Miaphysitism a heresy?
Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
This position—called miaphysitism, or single-nature doctrine—was interpreted by the Roman and Greek churches as a heresy called monophysitism, the belief that Christ had only one nature, which was divine.
Does Arianism believe in the Holy Spirit?
Arianism teaches that the Holy Spirit was created by God the Father with the help of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. The Holy Spirit is of separate substance and entity from God the Father and Jesus Christ the Son and is subservient to both. Little more is known of Arius’ teachings about the Holy Spirit.
Who are gnostics today?
Mandeans are the only surviving traditional Gnostics, with no more than 20,000 adherents living in southern Iraq and south-western Iran.
Who started Tritheism?
Their founder is said to be a certain John Ascunages, head of a Sophist school at Antioch.
Who is the founder of Christology?
Author | Gerald O’Collins |
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Language | English |
Subject | Christology |
Genre | Theology |
Publisher | Oxford University Press |
Why is Christology important?
‘helps us to understand the significance of the deity of Christ. It demonstrates why Jesus is the atoning sacrifice for our sins. Christology teaches us that Jesus had to be man so that He could die – and had to be God so that His death would pay for our sins. It is perhaps the most important area of theology.
What is the central problem of Christology?
Christology is primarily concerned with the identity of Jesus. Because Christianity asserts that Jesus is human and divine, the discipline asks how both of these can exist in one person. Christology also investigates how this relates to the life and works of Jesus.