Birth of the San Andreas Fault. The Pacific Plate came in contact with the North American Plate and formed a strike slip boundary. This contact happened after the subduction of the Farallon plate.
How did the San Andreas Fault form quizlet?
Birth of the San Andreas Fault. The Pacific Plate came in contact with the North American Plate and formed a strike slip boundary. This contact happened after the subduction of the Farallon plate.
How was made San Andreas Fault?
The San Andreas Fault System grew as a remnant of a oceanic crustal plate and a spreading ridge (like the Juan de Fuca Ridge) were subducted beneath the North American Plate as it moved west relative to the Pacific Plate.
Why is Mussel Rock so important?
3 Why is Mussel Rock important? It marks the spot where the fault comes back on land after being in the sea. It also exposes rock from 2 different plates.
What was the San Andreas Fault named after?
The San Andreas Fault received its name from Andrew Lawson after the 1906 earthquake. He named it for San Andreas Lake, a (now) man-modified sag pond in San Mateo county through which the fault passes.
What type of fault is San Andreas Fault?
strike-slip fault – a fault on which the two blocks slide past one another. The San Andreas Fault is an example of a right lateral fault.
What is the San Andreas Fault quizlet?
What is the San Andreas Fault? A transform boundary. 810 miles of transform boundary in California. Where the North American Plate and Pacific Plate slide past each other.
What describes how the San Andreas Fault formed on Earth at a transformed boundary?
The San Andreas Fault and Queen Charlotte Fault are transform plate boundaries developing where the Pacific Plate moves northward past the North American Plate. The San Andreas Fault is just one of several faults that accommodate the transform motion between the Pacific and North American plates.
How are faults formed?
A fault is formed in the Earth’s crust as a brittle response to stress. Generally, the movement of the tectonic plates provides the stress, and rocks at the surface break in response to this. Faults have no particular length scale.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=OSgkFBcdSXY
How does the San Andreas Fault work?
At the San Andreas Fault in California, the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate slide past each other along a giant fracture in Earth’s crust. … The Northern Pacific plate is sliding laterally past the North American plate in a northerly direction, and hence the San Andreas is classified as a strike-slip fault.
What is the name of the earthquake study that is being done in California?
The Lawson report includes numerous photographs of damaged buildings, detailed maps of their locations, and data from surveys of the earth’s movement in the earthquake along the San Andreas fault.
What is the Parkfield Experiment?
The Parkfield Experiment is a comprehensive, long-term earthquake research project on the San Andreas fault. … Their coordinated efforts have led to a dense network of instruments poised to “capture” the anticipated earthquake and reveal the earthquake process in unprecedented detail.
How many large earthquakes have occurred on the San Andreas Fault in recorded times?
San Andreas Fault | |
---|---|
Earthquakes | 1857, 1906 (Mw ≈7.8), 1957 (Mw 5.7), 1989 (Mw ≈6.9), 2004 |
Type | Transform fault |
Movement | Dextral |
Age | Neogene-Holocene |
What are 3 facts about the San Andreas Fault?
The San Andreas Fault (SAF) is 700-800 miles long and approximately ten miles deep. It is about 28 million years old. Most faults are found in the ocean but the SAF is a plate boundary found on land. The fault does not go through a city but it divides the state of California into two parts.
What makes San Andreas Fault unique?
The fault zone is marked by distinctive landforms that include long straight escarpments, narrow ridges, and small undrained ponds formed by the settling of small blocks within the zone. Many stream channels characteristically jog sharply to the right where they cross the fault.
How do faults produce earthquakes?
Faults are blocks of earth’s crust that meet together. … Earthquakes occur when rock shifts or slips along fault lines Earthquakes generate waves that travel through the earth’s surface. These waves are what is felt and cause damage around the epicenter of the earthquake.
Where does the San Andreas Fault line start and end?
The San Andreas Fault System, which crosses California from the Salton Sea in the south to Cape Mendocino in the north, is the boundary between the Pacific Plate (that includes the Pacific Ocean) and North American Plate (that includes North America).
Is the San Andreas Fault convergent or divergent?
The San Andreas Fault is where the Pacific plate collides with the North American plate. this is a convergent boundary.
How do fault lines work?
A fault line is a fracture along which the crust has moved. … Seismic waves are generated when the two sides of the fault rapidly slip past each other. For most earthquakes, the faults do not break the surface, so the faults can be “seen” only through analysing the seismic waves.
What type of plate boundary includes the San Andreas Fault quizlet?
The San Andreas Fault is the boundary between two of Earth’s tectonic plates: the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. This boundary is a transform boundary.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=J2yV9PnGeSc
What causes earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault zone in California quizlet?
B. Tend to float on denser material or to rise up through denser rock or water or air. The San Andreas fault forms the transform plate boundary between the Pacific and North American plates. … Movement along faults causes earthquakes.
Why do earthquakes occur near the San Andreas Fault quizlet?
Why do earthquakes occur along the San Andreas Fault? two plates meet at the San andreas Fault. sideways motion between the plates causes earthquakes to occur there. A mid-ocean ridge is a mountain range on the ocean floor where two plates are separating.
What forces cause faults?
Figure 10.6: Faults can form in response to any one of the three types of forces: compression, tension and shear: The type of fault produced, however, depends on the type of force exerted. 3. A fault plane divides a rock unit into two blocks. One block is referred to as the hanging wall, the other as the footwall.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=_YoajDFlhCE
What force causes a fault to form?
Fault Block Mountains: Tension force pulls rock apart causing normal faults. Two normal faults cut through a block of rock, the hanging wall between each slips downward, the rock between moves upward, forming a fault-block mountain.
Which landforms is formed due to faulting?
A Rift-valley is formed due to faulting.
The cracks in the surface of the earth are found where faulting takes place. A fault is a planar fracture (crack) in a volume of the earth’s crust, across which there has been significant displacement of a block of crust.
How does the San Andreas Fault affect the environment?
A new study suggests that the heavy use of ground water for pumping and irrigation is causing mountains to lift and valleys to subside. The scientists say this depletion of the water is increasing seismic activity along the San Andreas fault.
How can we prepare for the San Andreas fault earthquake?
Start with the essentials: it’s dark half the time, so always have a flashlight, shoes and eye glasses within easy reach, especially near your bed. If you can’t see or make your way to safety, you’re in trouble. There is much more to preparedness than flashlights and shoes.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=f0Bi3-o18gc
How do you describe earthquakes that happen because of movement along this fault?
Earthquakes occur on faults – strike-slip earthquakes occur on strike-slip faults, normal earthquakes occur on normal faults, and thrust earthquakes occur on thrust or reverse faults. When an earthquake occurs on one of these faults, the rock on one side of the fault slips with respect to the other.
How did the San Francisco earthquake change the Earth’s surface?
The earthquake caused a crack in the earth’s surface from San Juan Bautista in central California north to Cape Mendocino, a distance of nearly 300 miles. Geologists observed that the land on the west side of the rift jumped to the north/northwest as much as 20 feet in some places.
What are the three goals of the Parkfield Experiment?
MAJOR GOALS OF THE PARKFIELD EARTHQUAKE EXPERIMENT
Observe the buildup and release of stresses on the San Andreas Fault through multiple earthquake cycles. Test the feasibility of short-term earthquake prediction.
What do scientists focus on to predict earthquakes?
An effective earthquake prediction includes four components: the date, time, location, and magnitude of the expected quake. … However, even if scientists can draw geological connections between these changes in nature and earthquakes, there has been very little evidence that one must occur with the other.
What did we learn about earthquake prediction from the 2004 Parkfield earthquake?
There have been no indications found that could have been used to predict this earthquake. Although well overdue, the probability of this quake occurring in 2004 has been estimated at about ten percent. The magnitude of the event was consistent with previous earthquakes in this region.
How is the San Andreas Fault monitored?
Given the dense population straddled across the San Andreas Fault System, it is a site of active monitoring through an array of GPS instruments, accelerometers, and seismograms. … Above is the unfiltered vertical movement calculated from various GPS instruments across southern California and the San Andreas Fault.
How likely is the San Andreas Fault?
Narrator: On average, the San Andreas Fault ruptures every 150 years. The southern parts of the fault have remained inactive for over 200 years. … According to a 2008 federal report, the most likely scenario is a 7.8 magnitude quake that would rupture a 200-mile stretch along the southernmost part of the fault.
What is the San Andreas earthquake?
It was a strong earthquake, with an estimated moment magnitude of 6.8 to 7.2, making it one of the largest known earthquakes in California. The region was lightly populated at the time, although structural damage was reported in San Francisco, Oakland, and Monterey.
How was the San Andreas Fault formed for kids?
The Northern Pacific plate is sliding laterally past the North American plate in a northerly direction, and hence the San Andreas is classified as a strike-slip fault.