4.06. 2.2 Green Algae. The volvocine algae range in complexity from unicellular Chlamydomonas through colonial genera (such as Gonium, Pandorina, and Eudorina) to multicellular organisms and are capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction.
Is Gonium unicellular?
Gonium gametes are isogomous, or equal-sized, and unicellular.
How big is a Gonium?
Latin name | Gonium sp. |
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Size | 15 µm |
Habitat | Water bodies with lots of nutrients, like puddles and lakes |
Food | Sugars made through photosynthesis |
Enemy | Ciliates and small fish |
What is the significance of the cytoplasmic network in Volvox?
What is the significance of the cytoplasmic network in Volvox? It means that there is complex biochemical communication between the hundreds of cells within the colony without an actual nervous system.
Is Pandorina a protist?
Pandorina is a genus of green algae composed of 8, 16, or sometimes 32 cells, held together at their bases to form a sack globular colony surrounded by mucilage. … Each cell has two flagella with two contractile vacuoles at their base, an eyespot, and a large cup-shaped chloroplast with at least one pyrenoid.
Where is Oedogonium found?
Oedogonium, genus of filamentous green algae (family Oedogoniaceae), commonly found in quiet bodies of fresh water. They often are attached to other plants or exist as a free-floating mass. Oedogonium filaments are typically unbranched and only one cell thick.
How do Chlamydomonas reproduce?
Chlamydomonas sexually reproduces through the involvement of two gametes: Isogamy: Both of the gametes that are produced are similar in shape, size and structure. These are morphologically similar but physiologically different. Also, Isogamy is most common in sexually reproducing Chlamydomonas.
Where is Volvox found?
Volvox can be found in ponds, puddles, and bodies of still fresh water throughout the world. As autotrophs, they contribute to the production of oxygen and serve as food for a number of aquatic organisms, especially the microscopic invertebrates called rotifers.
How many Zoospores are produced from Zoosporangium during asexual reproduction in Oedogonium?
2. During asexual reproduction zoospores are formed . During favourable conditions, some of the vegetative cells function as zoosporangia. Usually a single zoospore is produced per zoosporangium.
Are Pandorina multicellular?
4.06. 2.2 Green Algae. The volvocine algae range in complexity from unicellular Chlamydomonas through colonial genera (such as Gonium, Pandorina, and Eudorina) to multicellular organisms and are capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction.
What is dwarf male filament?
Dwarf males are small, short, antheridium-producing filaments attached near the oogonia (female sex organ). These dwarf males are derived by repeated cell division of multiflagellate androspores.
Why does cytoplasmic streaming occur?
Cytoplasmic streaming occurs due to the motion of organelles attached to actin filaments via myosin motor proteins. However, in Chara corallina, the organization of actin filaments is highly ordered. Actin is a polar molecule, which means that myosin only moves in one direction along the actin filament.
What is the purpose of cytoplasmic bridges?
(Science: plant biology) thin strand of cytoplasm linking cells as in higher plants, Volvox, between nurse cells and developing eggs and between developing sperm cells. unlike gap junctions, allows the transfer of large macromolecules.
What are cytoplasmic bridges?
A thin, direct cytoplasmic connection between two cells through which large molecules can pass (unlike gap junctions). Common in plants (plasmodesmata) but rare in animals except between nurse cells and developing gametes.
Is Volvox a protozoa?
Globally, twenty species of Volvox are known to occur with most species occurring in tropical and subtropical areas. … Volvox colonies are either sexual or asexual.
Is Volvox a photosynthetic?
Remember, Volvox can undergo photosynthesis, so being able to detect light is pretty important. Volvox gets its green color due to the chloroplasts, which are used in photosynthesis.
What is the meaning of Pandorina?
Definition of Pandorina
: a genus of plantlike flagellates closely related to Volvox that form a small spherical colony of sixteen cells enclosed in a delicate gelatinous envelope through which the flagella project.
Is Oedogonium a cyanobacteria?
Algae, Cyanobacteria, and Protists
Green algae also are common, including Chaetophora, Closterium, Stigeoclonium, Oedogonium, and Spirogyra. Less common are cyanobacteria, such as Calothrix, Oscillatoria, Microcoleus, and Phormidium, and the red algae Compsopogon and Batrachospermum.
How do you identify Oedogonium?
Oedogonium is an unbranched, filamentous green alga that is easily identified by the distinctive rings at the apical ends of certain cells. Each cellular division creates a new ring on the cap cell.
What chloroplast occurs in Oedogonium?
Hint: Oedogonium has meshwork like chloroplast, Ulothrix has band-shaped chloroplast, Spirogyra has spiral-shaped chloroplast while Chlamydomonas has cup-shaped chloroplast.
How do Chlamydomonas eat?
Chlamydomonas makes its food in the same way as green plants, but without the elaborate system of roots, stem and leaves of the higher plants. It is surrounded by water containing dissolved carbon dioxide and salts so that in the light, with the aid of its chloroplast, it can build up starch by photosynthesis.
What is Chlamydomonas made of?
Chlamydomonas | |
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Phylum: | Chlorophyta |
Class: | Chlorophyceae |
Order: | Chlamydomonadales |
Family: | Chlamydomonadaceae |
What is life cycle of Chlamydomonas?
(a) The sexual life cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii consists primarily of four critical stages – gametogenesis, zygote formation, zygote maturation (zygospore formation), and meiosis (zygospore germination). … Zygotes will develop into zygospores with a thick cell wall, which is a dormant stage in the life cycle.
How does a Volvox eat?
Primary Producers. Volvox is a photoautotroph, or an organism that produces its own biomass by utilizing light from the sun and inorganic materials such as carbon dioxide and minerals. … Colonies of Volvox consume the sun’s energy through the process of photosynthesis and turn it into sugar.
How do I identify my Volvox?
- A single colony of volvox looks like a ball of ~0.5 mm in diameter.
- The plant body of volvox is a hollow sphere called coenobium, thousands of cells are arranged in the periphery of the sphere.
- The cells of coenobium are of two types, germ cells and flagellated somatic cells.
Is Volvox a diatom?
Volvox species can be monoecious or dioecious. Male colonies release numerous sperm packets, while in female colonies single cells enlarge to become oogametes, or eggs.
What is the difference between Macrandrous and Nannandrous?
As adjectives the difference between macrandrous and nannandrous. is that macrandrous is (botany) having antheridia formed on normal-sized male vegetative filaments while nannandrous is having nannandria.
How does Oedogonium grow in length?
Growth: The growth of Oedogonium filaments takes place by cell division in intercalary cells but sometimes the apical cell also divides and takes part in the elongation of filaments.
What is the meaning of Oedogonium?
Definition of Oedogonium
: a genus (the type of the family Oedogoniaceae) of freshwater green algae that have long unbranched filaments usually free-floating when mature but attached by special basal cells when young.
Is Polysiphonia unicellular or multicellular?
Red algae (Polysiphonia) Red algae are mostly found in a marine environment. A number of species is unicellular, but most species are multicellular.
Is Pandorina motile?
Pandorina (division Chlorophyta) A genus of green algae in which the cells fit closely together to form motile, spherical colonies (coenobia) of 4–32 cells. They are common in puddles, ponds, lakes, rivers, etc.
What does Androspore mean?
Definition of androspore
1 : a zoospore characteristic of members of the algal family Oedogoniaceae that gives rise to a small male plant that produces true spermatozoids.
What is Nannandrous filament?
Definition of nannandrous
: having oogonia borne on normal-sized plants and antheridia borne on greatly reduced plants or filaments —used of green algae of the family Oedogoniaceae — compare macrandrous.
How does Chara reproduce?
Chara reproduces vegetatively and sexually. Vegetative reproduction takes place by tubers, amylum stars and secondary protonemata. The sex organs are a multicellular and jacketed globule or antheridium (male) and nucule or archegonium (female).
What is the cytoplasmic?
Cytoplasm is a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. It is mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. … All of the organelles in eukaryotic cells, such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, are located in the cytoplasm.
What happens in the cytoplasmic streaming?
cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming, the movement of the fluid substance (cytoplasm) within a plant or animal cell. The motion transports nutrients, proteins, and organelles within cells.
What is the benefit of cytoplasmic streaming?
Cytoplasmic streaming assists in the delivery of nutrients, metabolites, organelles, and other materials to all parts of the cell (Chebli et al., 2013; Van de Meent et al., 2008; Verchot-Lubicz and Goldstein, 2010).
What is the role of cytoplasmic bridge in spermatogenesis?
Stable cytoplasmic bridges (or ring canals) connecting the clone of spermatids are assumed to facilitate the sharing of haploid gene products and synchronous development of the cells.
What acts as cytoplasmic bridge between Neighbouring cells?
Answer : Plasmodesmata is a thin protoplasmic projection connecting two adjacent plant cells.
What are cytoplasmic bridges between adjacent plant cells called?
To enable intercellular communication, plants have evolved cytoplasmic bridges, called plasmodesmata, which span cell walls, linking the fluid cytoplasm between adjacent cells.