1. Anatomic structures that can be identified on the outside of the body. 2. The study of anatomic structures that can be identified on the outside of the body.
What is surface anatomy of human body?
Surface anatomy (or superficial anatomy) is the study of external anatomical features without dissection. Regional anatomy focuses on specific external and internal regions of the body (such as the head or chest) and how different systems work together in that region.
What is surface anatomy with example?
Surface anatomy is the study of the external features of the body. The surface regions of the body have received their names in a variety of ways. … Many of the bones which make up the skull give their names to areas of the head. Examples are the frontal and temporal areas.
What is the difference between gross anatomy and surface anatomy?
surface Anatomy: The study of anatomical landmarks that can be identified by observing the surface of the body. … Gross (or macroscopic) anatomy: The study of anatomical features visible to the naked eye, such as internal organs and external features.
What is surface anatomy and its importance?
Understanding and using surface anatomy is key to interpreting normal anatomy on medical images and being able to describe the location, appearance and relationships of palpable anatomical structures. It is the definition of usable anatomy.
What is surface anatomy thorax?
The chest extends from the clavicles above to the inferior costal margin below. It is formed of the ribs and costal cartilages, the sternum and associated muscles; the two sides of the chest are usually symmetrical. … It forms an important landmark for the description of structures inside the chest.
What is male surface?
Following an engineering convention, an ovoid surface is called “male” if it is convex, “female” if it is concave. In any diarthrosis having ovoid conarticular surfaces, the male surface is always of larger area than the female.
What is the surface anatomy of the heart?
The heart has five surfaces: base (posterior), diaphragmatic (inferior), sternocostal (anterior), and left and right pulmonary surfaces. It also has several margins: right, left, superior, and inferior: The right margin is the small section of the right atrium that extends between the superior and inferior vena cava.
Why is it important to know the surface anatomy of the chest?
Identifying and marking the relevant surface anatomy of the chest wall can assist in preparation for surgery on the chest. Anterior landmarks of the chest include the nipple and sternal notch. … This anatomical midline can be useful in assessing for symmetry in breast augmentation or in performing a median sternotomy.
What is distal anatomy?
Distal refers to sites located away from a specific area, most often the center of the body. In medicine, it refers to parts of the body further away from the center. For example, the hand is distal to the shoulder. The thumb is distal to the wrist. Distal is the opposite of proximal.
What is called histology?
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, is the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.
What is an example of comparative anatomy?
A common example of comparative anatomy is the similar bone structures in forelimbs of cats, whales, bats, and humans. All of these appendages consist of the same basic parts; yet, they serve completely different functions. … One explanation for the forelimbs’ similar composition is descent with modification.
What are the 5 branches of anatomy?
It’s divided into several branches, including histology, embryology, gross anatomy, zootomy, phytotomy, human anatomy, and comparative anatomy.
What are the different types of anatomy?
There are several types of anatomy including gross anatomy, microscopic anatomy, human anatomy, phytotomy, zootomy, embryology, and comparative anatomy.
What are the three main areas of study within anatomy?
There are three main areas of anatomy: gross anatomy deals with organs and organ groupings called systems that are visible to the naked eye; cytology is the study of cell structure; and histology examines the structure of tissues. Microscopes are used in both cytology and histology to study cell and tissue structures.
Why surface anatomy is important in clinical practice?
Living and surface anatomy facilitates students in developing skills for future clinicians. Some educationist considered it to be main teaching tool for learning anatomy as a replacement of dissection based cadaveric anatomy.
Which is more important anatomy or physiology?
An understanding of anatomy is critical to the study of physiology, and learning about physiology is important to people who want to understand how anatomical structures work. Both anatomy and physiology have been studied for centuries.
Where is the ventral surface?
Ventral: Pertaining to the front or anterior of any structure. The ventral surfaces of the body include the chest, abdomen, shins, palms, and soles. Ventral is as opposed to dorsal. From the Latin “venter” meaning belly.
How many surfaces do the lungs have?
The three surfaces of the lung include the costal, medial, and diaphragmatic surfaces. The costal surface is covered by the costal pleura and is along the sternum and ribs. It also joins the medial surface at the anterior and posterior borders and diaphragmatic surfaces at the inferior border.
What are the surface landmarks of the thorax?
- Clavicles. Course transversely along the superior portion of the chest wall from the manubrium to the acromion of the scapula and, therefore, are easily palpable. …
- Jugular notch of the sternum. Located between the medial ends of the clavicles.
- Sternal angle (of Louis). …
- Xiphoid process. …
- Costal margins.
What is bone surface?
The outer surface of the bone is covered with a fibrous membrane called the periosteum (peri– = “around” or “surrounding”). The periosteum contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels that nourish compact bone. … The periosteum forms the outer surface of bone, and the endosteum lines the medullary cavity.
What is the auricular surface?
Anatomical Parts
The anterior surface is the auricular surface, so called from its resemblance in shape to the ear, is coated with cartilage in the fresh state, and articulates with a similar surface on the side of the sacrum.
What are ligaments?
A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.
What is another name for the epicardium?
The inner part of the pericardium that closely envelops the heart is, as stated, the epicardium; it is also called the visceral pericardium.
What are the four surfaces of the heart?
The surface projections of the heart represent points on the thoracic wall that map out the outline and valves of the heart. These include four borders (superior, right, inferior, left) and four valves (left atrioventricular, right atrioventricular, aortic, pulmonary).
Where is the pericardial sac?
The pericardium is a thin sac that surrounds your heart. It protects and lubricates your heart and keeps it in place within your chest. Problems can occur when the pericardium becomes enflamed or fills with fluid. The swelling can damage your heart and affect its function.
Is XRAY an anatomy?
Radioanatomy (x-ray anatomy) is anatomy discipline which involves the study of anatomy through the use of radiographic films. The x-ray film represents two-dimensional image of a three-dimensional object due to the summary projection of different anatomical structures onto a planar surface.
Where is the first intercostal space?
Intercostal space | |
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TA2 | 1102 |
FMA | 12243 |
Anatomical terminology |
What is your xiphoid process?
The xiphoid process is the smallest region of the sternum, or breastbone. It’s made up of cartilage at birth but develops into bone in adulthood. It’s located where the lower ribs attach to the breastbone. The tip of the xiphoid process resembles a sword.
What is meant by dorsal and ventral?
In general, ventral refers to the front of the body, and dorsal refers to the back. These terms are also known as anterior and posterior, respectively.
What is proximal anatomy?
Proximal means nearer to the center (trunk of the body) or to the point of attachment to the body. If another reference point is given, such as the heart, the proximal point of another organ or extremity is the point closest to the heart, central rather than peripheral. Proximal is the opposite of distal.
What is deep anatomy?
Deep: In anatomy, away from the surface or further into the body. As opposed to superficial.
What is epithelial tissue?
The epithelium is a type of body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs and is the major tissue in glands. … The organs in your body are composed of four basic types of tissue, including: Epithelial. Connective.
What are the 4 types of tissue and describe each?
There are 4 basic types of tissue: connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Connective tissue supports other tissues and binds them together (bone, blood, and lymph tissues). Epithelial tissue provides a covering (skin, the linings of the various passages inside the body).
What is a connective tissue?
Tissue that supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body. … Connective tissue is made up of cells, fibers, and a gel-like substance. Types of connective tissue include bone, cartilage, fat, blood, and lymphatic tissue.
What is the concept of comparative anatomy?
comparative anatomy, the comparative study of the body structures of different species of animals in order to understand the adaptive changes they have undergone in the course of evolution from common ancestors.
What is an example of molecular evidence?
A chicken and a gorilla will have more differences between their DNA and amino acid sequences than a gorilla and an orangutan. That means the chicken and gorilla had a common ancestor a very long time ago, while the gorilla and orangutan shared a more recent common ancestor.
What is comparative anatomy def?
(kum-PAYR-uh-tiv uh-NA-toh-mee) The comparison of the structure (anatomy) of one animal or plant with the structure of a different animal or plant.
Who is called father of anatomy?
As Hippocrates is called the Father of Medicine, Herophilus is called the Father of Anatomy. Most would argue that he was the greatest anatomist of antiquity and perhaps of all time. The only person who might challenge him in this assessment is Vesalius, who worked during the 16th century A. D.
What are the 10 branches of anatomy?
- Gross anatomy- systemic or region-wise study of human body parts and organs. Gross anatomy encompasses cadaveric anatomy and osteology.
- Microscopic anatomy/histology.
- Cell biology (Cytology) & cytogenetics.
- Surface anatomy.
- Radiological anatomy.
- Developmental anatomy/embryology.
What is the smallest body organ?
The smallest organ in the body is the pineal gland, relative to its function. It is situated centrally in the brain, between the hemispheres in a groove. Size is about 8mm in humans.