The shoulder is not a single joint, but a complex arrangement of bones, ligaments, muscles, and tendons that is better called the shoulder girdle. The primary function of the shoulder girdle is to give strength and range of motion to the arm. The shoulder girdle includes three bones—the scapula, clavicle and humerus.
What actions does the shoulder girdle do?
Movements of the shoulder girdle
Movements of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint include: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, lateral rotation, and medial rotation.
What is shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle?
The bones that attach each upper limb to the axial skeleton form the pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle). This consists of two bones, the scapula and clavicle ([link]). … The appendicular skeleton consists of the pectoral and pelvic girdles, the limb bones, and the bones of the hands and feet.
What is shoulder girdle pain?
Shoulder girdle pain can be acute or chronic and be due to a number of causes. Inflammation or injury of associated tendons, bone, muscles, nerves, ligaments, and cartilage can all cause pain. Also, past injury compensation, and stress can result in complicated shoulder pain.
What is the function of the shoulder bone?
It is a ball and socket joint that allows the arm to rotate in a circular fashion or to hinge out and up away from the body. It is formed by the articulation between the head of the humerus and the lateral scapula (specifically-the glenoid cavity of the scapula).
What makes up the shoulder girdle?
The shoulder girdle is composed of the clavicle and the scapula, which articulates with the proximal humerus of the upper limb. Four joints are present in the shoulder: the sternoclavicular (SC), acromioclavicular (AC), and scapulothoracic joints, and glenohumeral joint.
What muscles elevate the shoulder girdle?
The elevation is accomplished by the trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid muscles. Depression is accomplished through the force of gravity and the actions of the latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor, and the trapezius muscles.
How does the shoulder girdle promote mobility?
8.3 Functional Aspects of the Shoulder Girdle
In the glenohumeral joint, there is a great disparity between the large articular surface of the humeral head and the smaller glenoid surface. This provides further mobility to the arm because the ball-shaped humeral head can rotate in any direction in the glenoid fossa.
Is the shoulder girdle part of the axial skeleton?
The pectoral or shoulder girdle consists of the scapulae and clavicles. The shoulder girdle connects the bones of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton. These bones also provide attachment for muscles that move the shoulders and upper limbs.
What function is common to both the shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle?
The pelvic girdle and the shoulder girdle are not alike in their functions related to stabilization and motion of the extremities. In the shoulder girdle the scapula and clavicle work together as unit. The scapula’s primary support is muscles with only one attachment to the axial skeleton, at the manubrium.
How many different movements can the shoulder girdle perform?
This mobility provides the upper extremity with tremendous range of motion such as adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, and 360° circumduction in the sagittal plane. Furthermore, the shoulder allows for scapular protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression.
What is the bone on top of your shoulder called?
The shoulder joint is where the humerus (upper arm bone) meets the scapula (shoulder blade). Muscles and ligaments help make up the joint. … At the top of the shoulder blade are two bony knobs called the acromion and coracoid process. The subacromial space is between the top of the humerus and the acromion.
How do you relieve shoulder muscle pain?
- Put ice on the shoulder area for 15 minutes, then leave it off for 15 minutes. Do this 3 to 4 times a day for 2 to 3 days. …
- Rest your shoulder for the next few days.
- Slowly return to your regular activities. …
- Taking ibuprofen or acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) may help reduce inflammation and pain.
When should I worry about shoulder pain?
You require immediate medical attention. You should also seek immediate medical attention if your shoulder pain is caused by an injury. Please seek help right away if you are experiencing a joint that appears deformed, the inability to use the joint, intense pain, or sudden swelling.
What are the 3 shoulder muscles?
The deltoid muscle is the main muscle of the shoulder. It consists of three muscle heads: the anterior deltoid, lateral deltoid, and posterior deltoid.
What are the main muscles in the shoulder?
The primary muscle group that supports the shoulder joint is the rotator cuff muscles. The four rotator cuff muscles are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. Together the rotator cuff muscles form a musculotendinous cuff as they insert on the proximal humerus.
What are 3 common shoulder injuries?
- Shoulder Sprain. A separated shoulder, or acromioclavicular joint injury, is sometimes referred to as a shoulder sprain. …
- Shoulder Strain. A shoulder strain is a stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon in the shoulder. …
- Shoulder Tear.
What are the 5 joints that are in the shoulder girdle?
- 3.1 Glenohumeral Joint.
- 3.2 Acromioclavicular joint.
- 3.3 Sternoclavicular Joint.
- 3.4 Scapulothoracic Joint.
- 3.5 Bursae.
- 3.6 Soft Tissue (Static & Dynamic)
What bones make up the shoulder?
The shoulder joint is formed where the humerus (upper arm bone) fits into the scapula (shoulder blade), like a ball and socket. Other important bones in the shoulder include: The acromion is a bony projection off the scapula. The clavicle (collarbone) meets the acromion in the acromioclavicular joint.
What are the main ligaments of the shoulder girdle?
They are the superior, middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments. They help hold the shoulder in place and keep it from dislocating . Coraco-clavicular Ligaments (CCL): These two ligaments (trapezoid and conoid ligaments) attach the clavicle coracoid process of the scapula.
Why is scapular retraction important?
Being able to retract your scapula is important because protracted scapulae make it difficult to move your shoulder joints well. … Being able to pull your scapulae into proper position makes it possible to breathe and move freely without the weight of you arms dragging you (literally) down.
What does scapular winging indicate?
If the winged scapula is the result of nerve damage, it can cause weakness in the muscles of your neck, shoulders, and arms. That weakness can make lifting, pulling, and pushing heavy objects hard. Scapular winging often affects your ability to raise your arm above your shoulder.
How do you strengthen your shoulder girdle?
- Hold a dumbbell in each hand.
- Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart, knees slightly bent.
- Engage your core and bend forward at the waist. Keep your back straight. …
- Raise your arms away from your body. …
- Slowly return to the starting position and repeat.
- Do 3 sets of 10 repetitions.
Why is shoulder mobility important?
Shoulder mobility is important both from a strengthening and stretching perspective. We need strength to help support the joint and decrease risk of injury. We also need flexibility to maintain a pain-free range of motion.
Which muscle does not move the shoulder girdle?
The muscle that does not attach to the scapula is the latissimus dorsi. The attachment via the latissimus dorsi can be either a few fibers or absent…
What affects shoulder mobility?
Other important muscles of the shoulder girdle are muscles facilitating scapular motion (such as pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, levator scapulae, rhomboids etc.). As already mentioned in the introduction, the scapula influences the movement of the glenohumeral joint.
What is the function of the pelvic girdle?
pelvis, also called bony pelvis or pelvic girdle, in human anatomy, basin-shaped complex of bones that connects the trunk and the legs, supports and balances the trunk, and contains and supports the intestines, the urinary bladder, and the internal sex organs.
Which of the following bones of the shoulder girdle is the most commonly fractured?
Clavicle Fractures: This is the most common shoulder fracture, frequently the result of a fall (Figure 2). Scapula Fractures: Fractures of this bone rarely occur.
Is the sternum part of the shoulder girdle?
The pectoral girdle consists of the clavicle and the scapula, which serve to attach the upper limb to the sternum of the axial skeleton. The scapula (shoulder blade) lies on the posterior aspect of the shoulder.
Which of the following bones is not part of pectoral girdle which of the following bones is not part of pectoral girdle?
The pubis is not part of the pectoral girdle. This would make answer choice “A” correct. The pubis is actually a structure of the pelvis. The pectoral girdle consists of bones such as the clavicle and scapula.
Why does the bone on the top of my shoulder stick out?
An injury to the AC joint is common, often caused by a blow to the shoulder or a fall onto an outstretched hand. The fall injures the ligaments that surround and stabilize the AC joint, forcing the clavicle to detach from the acromion. This creates a bump or bulge above the shoulder.
Will shoulder pain go away?
The problem often goes away after a period of time — but that can take up to three years, according to the AAOS. Physical therapy is sometimes recommended for frozen shoulder, but this can be quite painful in some cases, says Dr. Ramappa.
How should I sleep with shoulder pain?
- Avoid sleeping on the affected shoulder. …
- Utilize a pillow. …
- Stay active. …
- Know your limits. …
- Use OTC pain relievers. …
- Practice good sleep habits.
How long does it take for shoulder pain to go away?
Shoulder pain may involve the cartilage, ligaments, muscles, nerves, or tendons. It can also include the shoulder blade, neck, arm, and hand. Early treatment is important. It can take eight weeks or longer for shoulder pain to heal.