Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury? escapes from peroxisomes. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury? Rationale: The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.
Which cell component is the most vulnerable target of radiation?
Amongst the body cells, the most sensitive are spermatogonia and erythroblasts, epidermal stem cells, gastrointestinal stem cells. The least sensitive are nerve cells and muscle fibers.Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidation reaction?
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.What type of cells are most sensitive to radiation damage?
Lymphocytes (white blood cells) and cells which produce blood are constantly regenerating, and are, therefore, the most sensitive. Reproductive and gastrointestinal cells are not regenerating as quickly and are less sensitive. The nerve and muscle cells are the slowest to regenerate and are the least sensitive cells.What cell type is the most radiosensitive?
teratogenic effects. Rapidly proliferating non-differentiated cells are the most radiosensitive. Well known representatives of this class of cells are the stem cells of the hematopoietic tissues and the cells of the intestinal crypts. The differentiated fixed postmitotic cells are the most radioresistant.Which of the following mature cells would be least sensitive to radiation?
Which of the following mature cells would be least sensitive to radiation? Nerve cells. The rate at which cells divide determines the radiosensitive of cells.What types of cells are most sensitive to radiation damage quizlet?
Which of the following types of blood cells is the most sensitive to radiation? Lymphocytes are white or colorless blood cells derived from lymphatic tissues. Because of their rapid cell division they are more susceptible to the affects of radiation.Which cellular component is common to all cell types?
All cells share four common components: (1) a plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its surrounding environment; (2) cytoplasm, consisting of a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found; (3) DNA, the genetic material of the cell; and (4) …Which cell component is capable of cellular Autodigestion when it is released during cell injury quizlet?
escapes from peroxisomes. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury? Rationale: The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix.Which structure prevents water soluble molecules from entering the cell across the plasma membrane?
Cell membranes contain outer surfaces that are hydrophilic and an inner layer that is hydrophobic. The outer hydrophilic surfaces allow membranes to be soluble in water, whereas the inner hydrophobic layer inhibits the passage of most water-soluble chemicals and molecules.What determines radiosensitivity?
Radiosensitivity is the relative susceptibility of cells, tissues, organs, organisms, or other substances to the injurious action of radiation. In general, it has been found that cell radiosensitivity is directly proportional to the rate of cell division and inversely proportional to the degree of cell differentiation.What do lysosomes do?
A lysosome is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. … They break down excess or worn-out cell parts. They may be used to destroy invading viruses and bacteria. If the cell is damaged beyond repair, lysosomes can help it to self-destruct in a process called programmed cell death, or apoptosis.What molecules Cannot easily pass through the cell membrane?
Small uncharged polar molecules, such as H2O, also can diffuse through membranes, but larger uncharged polar molecules, such as glucose, cannot. Charged molecules, such as ions, are unable to diffuse through a phospholipid bilayer regardless of size; even H+ ions cannot cross a lipid bilayer by free diffusion.Which animal cell organelle contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen?
What is a peroxisome? It is an organelle that contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen atoms from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.What are the cell components?
A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.Which type of cell has ribosomes?
Ribosomes are found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; in mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria. Those found in prokaryotes are generally smaller than those in eukaryotes.What is prokaryotic cell example?
Prokaryotic cells lack both, a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles. Examples of prokaryotes are blue-green algae, bacteria and mycoplasma. They are single-celled and range in size from 0.2 to 10 microns (about 10 times smaller than most plant and animal cells). …What type of cell membrane protein regulates the movement of hydrophilic molecules through membrane?
Integral membrane proteins enable ions and large polar molecules to pass through the membrane by passive or active transport. Proteins which form channels may be utilized to enable the transport of water and other hydrophilic molecules; these channels are often gated to regulate transport rate.Does the cell membrane prevent water from entering the cell?
So the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer (a bilayer) to keep the cell separate from its environment. Lipids do not mix with water (recall that oil is a lipid), so the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane acts as a barrier, keeping water out of the cell, and keeping the cytoplasm inside the cell.What factors govern cell radiosensitivity?
Radiosensitivity depends on several factors. These factors include the ability to repair damage, hypoxia, cell cycle position, and growth fraction. In addition, the volume of the initial tumor has been demonstrated to influence the ability to eradicate tumors.What cell type is the most radiosensitive quizlet?
Rapidly dividing, undifferentiated cells with a short lifetime. Most Radiosensitive, Examples: basal cells of the epidermis, crypt cells of the intestine, erythroblasts.Which tissues are the most sensitive to radiation quizlet?
- nerve.
- liver.
- bone marrow.
- reproductive cell.
- connective tissue.
Which type of cellular adaptation occurs when normal columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial cells?
Squamous metaplasia
Metaplasia of the alveolar epithelium features the replacement of alveolar cells (normally a unilayer of cuboidal or columnar cells) with squamous epithelium, whereas metaplasia of the airway epithelium features the replacement of bronchiolar or bronchial epithelium with squamous epithelium7 (FIG.