The Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut was known in antiquity as Djeser-Djeseru or the Holy of Holies. As with other grand Egyptian monuments, the purpose of the temple was to pay homage to the Gods and chronicle the glorious reign of its builder. The temple was commissioned in 1479 BCE and took around 15 years to complete.
Where is the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut?
Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
The mortuary temple of Hatshepsut (c. 1478/72-1458 B.C.E.) dates from the New Kingdom. It nestles at the foot of the cliffs in a natural “bay” on the West Bank of Luxor.
Who built the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut?
It is considered one of the “incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt.” Hatshepsut’s chancellor, royal architect Senenmut oversaw construction. Although the adjacent, earlier mortuary temple of Mentuhotep was used as a model, the two structures are nevertheless significantly different in many ways.
What was the purpose of the mortuary temple?
mortuary temple, in ancient Egypt, place of worship of a deceased king and the depository for food and objects offered to the dead monarch.
Who built mortuary temple?
Ramesses II constructed his own temple, referred to as the Ramesseum (a name given to it by Champollion in 1829): “Temple of a million years of Usermaatre Setepenre which is linked with Thebes-the-Quoted in the Field of Amun, in the West”.
Who did Hatshepsut marry?
Hatshepsut married her half brother, Thutmose II, who inherited the throne from their father, Thutmose I, and made Hatshepsut his consort. When Thutmose II died, Hatshepsut became regent for her stepson, Thutmose III, and eventually the two became corulers of Egypt. Hatshepsut was the dominant king.
What is mortuary temple of Hatshepsut made of?
History | |
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Material | Limestone, sandstone, granite |
Founded | c. 15th century BC |
Periods | Late Bronze Age I |
Cultures | Egyptian, Coptic |
What is inside the Temple of Hatshepsut?
Known as Djeser Djeseru, or “holy of holies,” her temple was decorated with scenes from her reign and housed shrines to Anubis, god of the dead; Hathor, goddess of fertility; Amun, king of gods; and Re, god of the sun. … Hatshepsut died in 1458 B.C.E. and was buried in the Valley of the Kings.
How long did it take to build the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut?
The temple, which was re-discovered in 1891, took fifteen years to build. Hatshepsut declared that she built the temple as “a garden for my father Amun”.
Was Hatshepsut a good ruler?
Hatshepsut demonstrated great leadership during her time in power, and she reigned for more than 20 years. This leader dedicated herself to the role of pharaoh to the extent where she dressed like a man with a false beard and headdress because only men were leaders during this time in history.
Who was Hatshepsut father?
She was the daughter of one pharaoh (Thutmose I) and queen wife of another (her half brother, Thutmose II). When her husband died in 1479 B.C. and her stepson was appointed heir, Hatshepsut dutifully took on the added responsibility of regent to the young Thutmose III.
Who was Amenhotep III wife?
For nearly four decades, Amenhotep III and his great royal wife, Tiye, ruled together over a time of peace and prosperity in ancient Egypt.
How many Sphinx are in Egypt?
In ancient Egypt there are three distinct types of sphinx: The Androsphinx, with the body of a lion and head of person; a Criosphinx, body of a lion with the head of ram; and Hierocosphinx, that had a body of a lion with a head of a falcon or hawk.
Why was Hatshepsut important to Egyptian history?
Hatshepsut was only the third woman to become pharaoh in 3,000 years of ancient Egyptian history, and the first to attain the full power of the position. Cleopatra, who also exercised such power, would rule some 14 centuries later.
How was Hatshepsut discovered?
Archaeologists today used a missing tooth to positively identify the mummy of Hatshepsut, Egypt’s greatest woman pharaoh who reigned more than 3,000 years ago. … The British archaeologist Howard Carter discovered Hatshepsut’s tomb while excavating at the Valley of the Kings in 1902.
Who built Luxor temple?
Commissioned by King Amenhotep III (Amenophis III; reigned 1390–53 bce) of the late 18th dynasty, the temple was built close to the Nile River and parallel with the bank and is known today as the Temple of Luxor. An avenue of sphinxes connected it to the Great Temple of Amon at Karnak.
Was Hatshepsut like as a leader?
Hatshepsut was a powerful and intelligent leader. There were people in the government who were very loyal to her. After a few years of being regent, she decided to become Pharaoh. She had herself named Pharaoh.
Family: Hatshepsut was the daughter of King Thutmose I, a pharaoh of ancient Egypt. … This dynasty produced the some of the most prominent pharaohs in history, including Tutankhamun. Despite being of royal descent, Hatshepsut was never expected to become a pharaoh of Egypt.
Can you go inside Hatshepsut Temple?
You can also visit the temple, and all of the other popular sites in the area, on a Nile Cruise. It is best to visit Hatshepsut Temple with a guide. There are some fascinating stories about the temple as well as the pharaoh herself, and a guide will be able to tell you everything you want to know.
What buildings did Hatshepsut build?
Her new building programs consisted of her mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri; the Red Chapel, obelisks and pylon at Karnak; the barque sanctuary at Luxor and the cliff temple dedicated to the lion goddess, Pakhet at Beni Hassan.
What is the largest enclosed space in Egyptian architecture?
When completed, the Step Pyramid rose 204 feet (62 meters) high and was the tallest structure of its time. The surrounding complex included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests covering an area of 40 acres (16 hectares) and surrounded by a wall 30 feet (10.5 meters) high.
Who was pharaoh after Hatshepsut?
Thutmose III, who was technically co-ruler with Hatshepsut, succeeded the female pharaoh after her death.
Who erased Hatshepsut?
The 2006 discovery of a foundation deposit including nine golden cartouches bearing the names of both Hatshepsut and Thutmose III in Karnak may shed additional light on the eventual attempt by Thutmose III and his son Amenhotep II to erase Hatshepsut from the historical record and the correct nature of their …
How old was Cleopatra when she became queen?
The 18-year-old Cleopatra, older than her brother by about eight years, became the dominant ruler. Evidence shows that the first decree in which Ptolemy’s name precedes Cleopatra’s was in October of 50 bce.
What called hieroglyphics?
A hieroglyph (Greek for “sacred carvings”) was a character of the ancient Egyptian writing system. Logographic scripts that are pictographic in form in a way reminiscent of ancient Egyptian are also sometimes called “hieroglyphs”. … The Egyptians invented the pictorial script.
Who was Tutankhamun’s grandfather?
Amenhotep III was the grandfather of the famed boy-pharaoh Tutankhamun; he ruled in the 14th century BC at the height of Egypt’s New Kingdom and presided over a vast empire stretching from Nubia in the south to Syria in the north.
Who was the likely father of King Tut?
Tutankhamun | |
---|---|
Consort | Ankhesenamun (half-sister) |
Children | 2 (317a and 317b) |
Father | KV55 mummy, identified as most likely Akhenaten |
Mother | The Younger Lady |
Who broke the Sphinx nose?
The Arab historian al-Maqrīzī, writing in the 15th century, attributes the loss of the nose to Muhammad Sa’im al-Dahr, a Sufi Muslim from the khanqah of Sa’id al-Su’ada in 1378, who found the local peasants making offerings to the Sphinx in the hope of increasing their harvest and therefore defaced the Sphinx in an act …
What is under the Sphinx?
Legend has it that there is a maze below the paws of the Sphinx that leads to the mystery-shrouded Hall of Records, where all essential knowledge of alchemy, astronomy, mathematics, magic and medicine is stored.
Who broke the noses off Egyptian statues?
At the top, it stated: “When the Europeans (Greeks) went to Egypt they were in shock that these monuments had black faces — the shape of the nose gave it away — so they removed the noses.